Designing Cooling as Infrastructure in Hot-Arid Climates
Shade as infrastructure in a parking area in Riyadh Introduction Cities in extreme climates heat up because of how they are built — with large areas of exposed paving, limited canopy cover, and materials that absorb and re-emit heat. The result isn’t just high air temperatures, but intense surface heat that affects how people experience outdoor space. Urban […]
Cultivating Resilience
Planting and Irrigation Practices for Desert Landscapes Megaprojects in Saudi Arabia and greening programs across the Middle East are reshaping desert cities at a global scale. What succeeds here informs urban resilience strategies from the Mediterranean Basin to South Asia. In this landscape, every tree planting and every irrigation cycle becomes a test of endurance […]
